Electric-arc lamp.



L, 0. KOZAR.

- ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

APPLIQATION FILED MAR.17, 1909.

923,1 27 Patented May 25, 1909.

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124 WW1/Laye@ @Mom/wtf L. 0. KOZAR. ELECTRIC ARG LAMP. APPLIoATIoN FILED MAR.17,1909.

923, Patented May 25, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

L. 0. KGZAR.

ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

a y .APPLICATION FILED MAR. 1'?, 1909. 923, 127, Patented May 25, 1909.

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WMM/@oom UNITEDV STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\ LADISLAV O. KOZAPWOF WILKES-BARRE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOSEPH MURGAS, OF WILKES-BARRE, PENNSYLVANIA.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

Patented May 25, 1909.

Serial No. 484,032.

To all whom it 'may concejal: Y l

Be it known that I, LADrsLAv O. KOZAR, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-l`lungary, andresident of Wilkes-Barre, in the county of Luzerne and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric-Arc Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to means for regulating electrodes and is particularly adapted lfor use in connection with electric arc lamps.

It may, in fact, be employed to great advantage wherever a ga necessary or desirab e.

The object of the invention is to provide improved means of the character described as Will be hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate the invention,-Figure 1 is a side elevation of an arc lamp embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly broken away and certain parts removed, on a plane ninety degrees removed from that upon which Fig. l'is taken; Fig. 3 is a side elevation oian electrode frame; Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the releasing magnet and contacts; Fig. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of constant length is of a detail showing the manner of engagement of an electrode with the equalizing rod; Fig. 6 is a diagram of connections; and Fig.

7 is an enlarged sectional view of the magnet and attached parts for swinging the electrodes.

VReferring to the drawings, the apparatus comprises a .supporting frame upon which are mounted the two swinging` electrode frames A and B, which, with theelectrodes they carry, tend toseparate'under the action of gravity, an electro-magnet C and mechanism for bringing the electrodes into contact for striking the arc, arc deilecting magnets D and E, a releasing magnet F for dener-4 gizing the electro-magnet C and thereby releasing the. electrodes from the means which draws them together, a spring secured dashpot G tor retarding the movement of the electrodes and an adjustable resistance H tor re lating the strength oi the arc deilecting field.

The supporting framecomprises a plate 1 to which are secured the cross bars 2 and 3,A the bars being insulated from the plate. The su porting frame also comprises rods 4 and 5 dbpending from the plate 1 and. carryframe B comprises the plate 7 pivoted at its ends and the plate 8 to which are iixed. the inclined pair o tubes 9 and 10 which serve. as

- guides for the sticks of carbon or other suitable material which constitute the elec'- trodes. The sticks are free to move downwardly under the action of gravity and abut at' their lower ends whereby they are mutualy supported. In order .that the sticks may move downwardly Vevenly yand steadily, a rod 11, preferably bowed as shown, is located at one' side of the tubes 9 and 10. This rod l1 engages With the electrodes in such manner that they may move longitudinally but not transversely thereof, and is guided in its movements by means of a guide rod 12, xed to the plates 7 and S, on which slides a sleeve 13 to which the rod l1 is see cured. The engagement of the rod 11 with the carbons may be effected by means of the carbon holders 111 and 15 secured to the carbons and provided with lugs 16 and 17 eX- tending through slots in the tubes 9 and .10 and having holes through which the rod 11 extends. The arrangement of the rod at one side of the carbon guides is an extremely simple one and very efficient, bons burn away, they move downwardly and their abutting ends which constituteone pole of the arc always maintain a iixed position with relation to the-apparatus. This being true of both pairs of carbone, the arc'gap is maintained constant,

To limit the separation of the electrodes under the action. of gravity, the electrodel frames are respectively connected by the links 18, 19, 20 and 21, with the rod 22, which is vertically movable, and its ends are secured to the sleeves 23 and 24: which slide upon the rods '4 and 5.` The adjust-ably secured stops 32 and serve to .limit the downward movement of the rod 22 and therefore the separation of the electrodes. The links 18, 19, 20 and 21 are insulated from the rod 22 and are free to swing thereon, the links 1,8 and 19 being pivoted to the electrode frame A and the links 2O and 21 being pivoted to the `frame B.

The pairs of electrodes may be moved into As the carrooy contact by hand to strike the arc, but to do this automatically, the electro-magnet C is provided.

- energized. When the magnet F is energized sulating. cover i the contact maker is raised and the circuit of the magnet C is broken and the electrodes separate until arrested by the stops. An in- 34 forthe contact may be provided.

In order that the separation of the elecl trodes may be retarded and the arc gradually i dash-pot is supported by the plate 1 drawn, :the dash-pot G is provided.v The and its iston is connected with the rod 22. It has een found, especially where alternating currents of low frequency are em loyed, that the electrodes are not held in m contact by the magnet C but that a trembling con. tact exists. ToI remedy this and insure a firm contact and certain striking of the arc, the dash-pot is suspended by a spring 27 and the cylinderV of the dash-pot is provided with a projection 28 which is operated as a 'plunger by the magnet -C. When the magnet is energized, the dash-pot is drawn downwardly and the' spring is placed under spring and tension. When the magnet is denergized, the dash-pot is drawn upwardly by the the electrodes are pressed iirmly together. Then, after the piston has descended to a point where the tension of the spring is relieved, the electrodes will slowly separate.

" will pass through the upper The resistance H may be of any suitable material and construction and supported at any convenient place.

`The poles 29 and 30 ofthe arc deflecting magnetsare located at the Sides of the arc gap, so that the flux'passing between them art of the gap and transverse tothe arc. T ey may, however, be arranged in any other desired4 relation to the arc to produce desired results, as will be well understood by persons skilled in the art.

An examination of the diagram shown in Fig. 6 will' show that the resistance H and the magnet D are connected in parallel with each other and in series with the magnet F and the gap while the magnet C is connected across'the terminals 31 and 32 of the lamp, the contacts 24 and 25 being'inserted in its von the rods 4 and 5 and its circuit. The part'lettered D in this ii ure is intended to represent diagrammatical y the magnet E as well as the magnet D.

The operation of the lamp may now be described as follows: When no current is passing through the apparatus, the pairs of electrodes will be separated as far as is permitted by the stops and the circuit of the magnet C will be closed. If now, -current be supplied the magnet C will be energized, the electrodesddrawn into contact and the dash-pot dravun downwardly placing the spring-under tension. Current willthen pass through the electrodes, themagnetF, the magnetsD and -E and vthe resistance H. The circuit of the magnet C will be broken and the electrodes and the dash-pot will be released. The spring will mhold, the electrodes firmly in contact until the dash-pot piston has moved downwardly suliciently to relieve the tension of the spring and .then the electrodes will slowly separate 'under the influence of gravity and the retarding effect of the dash-pot, until the movement is arrested by the stops. flhe strength of the arc deiiecting field may be regulated by adjusting the `resistance H to shunt more lor less current through the magnets D and E.

The invention may be employed in connection with either alternating orl direct current circuits and while it has been illustrated in what is considered its best application, it may have other applications and be embodied in different structures. It should not therefore 'be limited to the application or structure shown.

Havingthus described the invention what is claimed is:

1. The combination with electrodes, oi a dash-pot connected thereto tending to prevent the separation of the electrodes, as ring securing said dash-pot adapted to be p aced under tension u on the movement of said electrodesI towarc each other..

2. The combination With electrodes, of a dash-pot one member of which is connected thereto, a s ring securing the other member of said das ot, anelectro-'magnet and a plunger there 'or connected to said electrodes, the member of the dash-pot secured by the spring being adapted to beY attracted by said electro-magnet.

3. The combination with electrodes, of a dash-pot the/plunger of which is connected with the electrodes, a s ring supporting the other member of said dash-pot, an electromagnet for moving the electrodes te strike the arc, and means whereby the electro-magnet places the said spring under tensioni 4. The combination with electrodes tending normally to separate, of an electro-magnet for bringing them together to strike the arc, a dash-pot for retarding the separation of the electrodes, and means for temporarily placing said dash-pot under spring tension tending to prevent vseparation oi the electrodes when the electroanagnct is dener gized.

5. The combination with electrodes tendingl normally to separate, of an electro-magnet for bringing them together to strike the. arc,'.a spring supported dash-pot for retarding the separation of the electrodes, and connection between said dash-pot and an armature of said magnet whereby the spring sup porting the dash-pot is placed under tension when the arc is struck.

6. The combination of electrodes tending f normally to separate, ot means for striking g the arc, and means for temporarily holding the electrodes firmly in contact under gradually decreasing pressure1 substantially as described.

7. The combination of electrodes tending normally to separate, of an electro-magnet for bringing them together and striking the are, a spring sup orted dash-pot connected with the electro( es tending to prevent the separation thereof, and means operated by the magnet for placing the spring under tension when the electrodes are drawn together, substantially as described.

8. The combination of electrodes tending normally to separate, of an electro-magnet for bringing them together, and a tension device for temporarily holding the electrodes in contact adapted to be brought into operation by the magnet, substantially as described.

9. The combination with electrodes tending to separate, of :fixed pivoted supports therefor, means for moving the points of the electrodes toward each other, means for releasing the electrodes from the aforesaid means, a spring supported dash-pot for retai-ding the separation of the electrodes, and means for lacing said spring under tension when the e ectrodes are drawn together.

. provided with two armatures entering the 10. The combination of electrodes tending normally to separate, of a solenoid magnet solenoid at opposite ends and -ada ted to meet therein, a spring supported ash-pot connected to one of the armatures, connec- 11. The combination with electrodes pivotally supported near one end, of means for swinging said electrodes on their pivots to bring the electrode points together and striking the arc, means for holding the electrodes firmly in contact when the arc is struck, and means for releasing the said means.

12. The combination with pivotally supported electrodes, of means for striking the arc, means for holding the electrodes firmly in Contact, means for gradually releasing the pressure, allowing the electrodes to separate, and means for limiting the separation of the electrodes.

13. The combination with pivotally supported electrodes, of an electro-magnet and connecting mechanism for swinging the electrodes on the ivots and striking the are, means for hol( ing the electrodes firmly in contact when the arc is struck, and stops for limiting the separation of the electrodes.

14. The combination with electrodes pivotally supported above their centers ot gravity, of means for swinging the electrodes on the pivots and thereby striking the arc, means for holding the electrodes iirmly in contact when the arc is struck, and means for allowing the electrodes to gradually separate a xed distance.

15. The combination with electrodes pivotally supported above their centers of gravity and tending normally to separate, of a vertically movable rod, connected by link arms to the free ends of said electrodes, a spring supported dash-pot connected to the end of said rod and supporting it, and means for elevating said rod to strike the arc and Jfor placing the spring of said dash-pot under tension.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence oftwo witnesses.

LADISLAV O. KOZAR. v Witnesses:

W. L. RAEDER, B. C. BERRY. 

